Background: Endometriosis is a chronic gynecological disorder associated with pelvic pain, menstrual disturbances, inflammation, and impaired fertility. Endometriosis-associated infertility can be challenging to manage, particularly in women seeking fertility-preserving approaches. Ayurveda provides a holistic approach aimed at managing the clinical manifestations of endometriosis while supporting reproductive health. Methods: This retrospective case series evaluated 15 women with clinically diagnosed endometriosis who underwent Ayurvedic management with the objective of improving reproductive health and achieving conception. Treatment included Tablet Srujan, Tablet Vayu, Tablet Upaja, and Tablet Poshini, along with dietary and lifestyle modifications. Patients were followed for 2–12 months, and clinical outcomes including pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, menstrual symptoms, ovarian endometrioma size where applicable, and conception were assessed. Results: Following Ayurvedic treatment, patients demonstrated improvement in endometriosis-associated symptoms, including dysmenorrhea, pelvic pain, and menstrual discomfort. Regression in ovarian endometrioma size was observed in selected patients on serial ultrasonographic evaluation. During the follow-up period, all 15 patients achieved conception, including women with a history of endometriosis-associated infertility. Conclusion: Ayurvedic management with Tablet Srujan, Tablet Vayu, Tablet Upaja, and Tablet Poshini, together with dietary and lifestyle interventions, was associated with improvement in clinical symptoms and favorable reproductive outcomes in women with endometriosis. The observed conception outcomes suggest the potential role of Ayurveda in supporting fertility among women with endometriosis and warrant further prospective investigation.