PHYTOCHEMICAL STUDY AND ASSESSMENT OF WOUND HEALING ACTIVITY OF ZIZIPHUS RUGOSA STEM EXTRACT

The present study was aimed to investigate the phytochemical constituents and wound healing potential of the hydroalcoholic stem extract of Ziziphus rugosa. The stem material was extracted using a hydroalcoholic solvent system and evaluated for percentage yield, preliminary phytochemical screening, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, formulation of herbal gel, and in vivo wound healing activity using an excision wound model in rats. The hydroalcoholic extract showed a percentage yield of 6.50% w/w and appeared as a dark black solid. Preliminary phytochemical investigation revealed the presence of important bioactive constituents such as alkaloids, glycosides, carbohydrates, tannins, flavonoids, proteins, phenols, saponins, and diterpenes. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents were found to be 0.417 mg/100 mg and 0.674 mg/100 mg respectively, indicating the presence of significant antioxidant phytoconstituents. The herbal gel formulations containing 1% and 2% extract were prepared using Carbopol 934 as a gelling agent and evaluated for wound healing activity. The in vivo wound healing study demonstrated significant enhancement in wound contraction in extract-treated groups compared with the control group. The 2% extract gel exhibited superior wound healing activity with 87.9% wound contraction on day 11, whereas the standard Betadine-treated group showed 93.5% wound contraction. The wound healing effect may be attributed to the presence of flavonoids, phenolic compounds, tannins, and saponins which possess antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activities. The findings of the study suggest that Ziziphus rugosa stem extract possesses significant wound healing potential and may serve as a promising natural therapeutic agent for the management of wounds and tissue repair.

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